The Legal Ground You’re Standing On
North Dakota MCA law: the three facts that shape every option
Every resolution strategy — renegotiation, settlement, defense, refinancing — plays out differently depending on these three pieces of North Dakota law. A firm that can’t speak to them isn’t the best firm for a North Dakota file.
1Usury limits & the recharacterization question
North Dakota's usury cap (N.D.C.C. § 47-14-09 — 5.5 points above the six-month Treasury average, never below 7%) exempts entity borrowers and loans over $35,000, so it rarely reaches commercial MCAs even on recharacterization — though where it applies, the penalties are stiff: forfeiture of all interest plus 25% of principal, double-interest recovery, and a class B misdemeanor. The more significant development is HB 1127 (effective August 1, 2025): North Dakota's Money Brokers Act now defines "loan" to include "alternative financing products as identified by the commissioner" — with licensees capped at a 36% annual rate including fees, and a license required when the borrower resides in North Dakota. Whether specific MCA products are covered turns on Commissioner of Financial Institutions orders — a developing regime worth watching for any funder operating here.
Sources: N.D.C.C. ch. 47-14 (usury; §§ 47-14-09 to -11, official PDF) · N.D.C.C. ch. 13-04.1 (Money Brokers Act, official PDF) · Hudson Cook — ND regulates 'alternative financing' as a 'loan' (HB 1127)
2Confessions of judgment in North Dakota
Permitted with strict formalities North Dakota permits confessions of judgment under N.D. R. Civ. P. 68(c) — not the statute sometimes cited — requiring a written statement signed by the defendant and verified by oath, stating the authorized amount and the facts out of which the debt arose, with the court finding the statement sufficient before entry. The rule's own commentary cautions that confessions are vulnerable to constitutional attack, and the state Supreme Court requires confession authority to be "clear, explicit, and strictly followed." (Marketing claims that North Dakota has "banned" MCA confessions could not be verified in any statute or rule.)
Sources: N.D. R. Civ. P. 68 (confession of judgment)
3Commercial financing disclosure: where North Dakota stands
North Dakota has not enacted a disclosure law of the California/New York type — the March 2026 Venable survey lists ten enacted states with North Dakota absent. It took a different path: HB 1127 (effective August 2025) pulls commissioner-identified alternative financing products into the Money Brokers Act's licensing and 36% rate cap rather than imposing standalone disclosures. For a North Dakota merchant, the practical question is whether your funder holds — or should hold — a money broker license.
Sources: Venable — State Commercial Financing Disclosure Laws (Mar. 2026) · Hudson Cook — HB 1127 analysis
How funders actually enforce here: Out-of-state judgments domesticate under N.D.C.C. ch. 28-20.1 and enforce like North Dakota judgments after notice to the debtor. Garnishment runs under ch. 32-09.1 — business bank accounts and receivables get no earnings-style protection. Funders file UCC-1 liens through the Secretary of State's Central Indexing System. Fargo-area debtors have brought adversary proceedings against MCA funders in the state's bankruptcy court, though no written decisions have issued yet. N.D.C.C. ch. 28-20.1 (UEFJA, official PDF) · ND Secretary of State — Central Indexing (UCC)